During an actual emergency aboard a charter yacht, several guests are confused, frightened, and not following the briefed muster procedure. What does effective crowd management, as intended by Part B's underlying principles, require of the crew in this moment?

A. Crew should focus solely on their own personal survival tasks and leave guests to follow the earlier briefing unaided

B. Crew should wait for passengers to calm down on their own before providing any further direction

C. Calm, clear, directive communication and physical guidance from crew with designated passenger duties — actively managing the guests' behaviour and emotional state, not simply repeating instructions and expecting passengers to self-organise under stress

D. Confused or frightened passenger behaviour during a real emergency is unusual and not something crew training needs to anticipate

A. A safety briefing is only required if a passenger specifically requests one

B. No safety briefing is required if the charter is less than 24 hours in duration

C. A muster/safety briefing covering emergency signals, muster stations, life jacket location and use, and basic emergency procedures, given before or shortly after departure — not assumed to be unnecessary because guests are "experienced" or have sailed before

D. Safety briefings are only mandatory for first-time charter guests, not repeat clients

A. Passengers are excluded entirely from any emergency procedure and are expected to remain in their cabins regardless of the emergency type

B. Passengers are not trained crew and cannot be relied upon to perform emergency duties — the Code's provisions (briefing content, muster procedures, crew-to-passenger ratios for assistance) are built around crew actively managing and guiding passengers through an emergency, not passengers being expected to self-manage

C. Passengers are expected to perform identical emergency duties to trained crew once briefed

D. There is no meaningful distinction between passenger and crew responsibilities under the Code