What is the recommended approach to food and water rationing in the early hours of a liferaft survival situation?

A. Food and water should be consumed freely and without rationing for as long as supplies last, regardless of expected survival duration

B. No food should be eaten for the first 24 hours if drinking water is limited, since digesting food (particularly protein) increases the body's water requirement — water itself should be rationed carefully from the start, in small regular amounts rather than large infrequent ones, based on the survival manual's guidance

C. Eating more food early on reduces the body's need for water, so food should be prioritised over water rationing

D. Rationing only becomes relevant after several days adrift, not in the early hours

A. Cold shock response only affects people with pre-existing heart conditions and is not a general concern

B. Cold shock response is purely psychological with no physical effects on breathing or heart rate

C. Cold shock takes around an hour to develop and is identical to hypothermia

D. Cold shock causes an involuntary gasp reflex, rapid breathing, and a sudden spike in heart rate and blood pressure in the first minute or so of cold water immersion — this is actually a greater immediate drowning risk than hypothermia, which takes much longer to develop, because the gasp reflex can cause water inhalation if the face is submerged at that moment

A. A position used only when removing an immersion suit in calm water

B. A swimming technique designed to maximise speed when swimming towards a liferaft or rescue vessel

C. A position adopted by a lone individual in the water wearing a lifejacket — knees drawn up to the chest, arms crossed and held close to the sides of the body — which reduces the surface area exposed to cold water and protects areas of high heat loss (groin, sides of chest, head), significantly slowing the onset of hypothermia

D. A group huddling technique used only when more than five people are in the water together