You recover a person from the sea who has been in the water for 20 minutes in 12°C sea temperature. What are the signs of hypothermia and immediate treatment?

A. Rub the limbs vigorously with a towel to stimulate circulation

B. Give the casualty alcohol to warm them — it is the most effective vasodilator

C. Signs: shivering (mild stage), slurred speech, confusion, loss of coordination, skin cold/pale. Treatment: move to shelter from wind; remove wet clothing and insulate (sleeping bag, blankets); horizontal position; warm sweet drink if conscious and able to swallow; monitor; call for medical advice via Coastguard. Do NOT rub limbs (drives cold blood to core)

D. Exercise is the fastest way to rewarm a hypothermic casualty — make them walk around the deck

A. The kill cord is only required when travelling above 15 knots

B. If the driver is thrown from the helm, the cord pulls the kill switch stopping the engine — preventing the vessel continuing at speed unmanned (a "circle of death" where an uncontrolled powerboat circles at full throttle striking the crew in the water)

C. The kill cord prevents fuel surging at high speed

D. Kill cords are advisory only — they are not required by law for leisure powerboats

A. Check fuel and kill cord only — all other checks are annual service items

B. Fuel (level, no leaks, correct mix if 2-stroke); oil (4-stroke: check dipstick); engine mounting bolts tight; kill cord condition and function; propeller (no damage, cotter pin present); safety equipment (lifejackets, flares, VHF, bailer, paddle); kill cord attached before starting

C. Run the engine in the water for 10 minutes before departure — no pre-launch checks needed

D. Only check fuel level — outboard engines are self-maintaining