What is a seacock and why should all crew know where they are?

A. A safety valve on the gas system

B. A valve on a through-hull fitting — closing it stops water ingress at that point. In flooding, the correct seacock must be closed quickly; all crew should be briefed on their location before departure

C. The engine raw water filter bowl — cleaned regularly to prevent blockage

D. A water tank fill fitting on deck

A. Press DSC button and wait — no voice call needed

B. "MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY — This is [vessel name x3] — MAYDAY [name] — Position — Nature of distress — Number of persons — Any other information — Over"

C. "PAN PAN PAN — This is [vessel name] — Position — We require assistance — Over"

D. "MAYDAY — This is [vessel name] — We are sinking — Over"

A. When a person has gone overboard

B. Pan Pan is only used for medical emergencies

C. When there is an urgent situation that requires assistance but life is not in immediate danger — e.g. engine failure with crew unharmed in a safe anchorage

D. Pan Pan is used when you cannot raise anyone on Mayday