Maritime Questions › Day Skipper Buoyage Passage

What are the characteristics of a North Cardinal mark?

Q: In IALA Region A (UK, Europe, Africa, most of Asia), what does a port hand lateral mark look like?

Red can or pillar with flat top, red light (any rhythm) IALA Region A: port hand marks are RED, can/pillar shape, red light any rhythm. Keep them to port when entering harbour (coming from sea). Starboard hand marks are GREEN, conical, green light. Memory: "Red right returning" applies in Region B (Americas) — the OPPOSITE of Region A.

A. Black over yellow, two cones points UP, Fl(Q) or VQ white light — pass to the NORTH

B. Yellow over black, two cones points DOWN, occulting white

C. Black and yellow horizontal bands, cone point up, group flashing (3)

D. All black, cone point up, quick flashing

In IALA Region A (UK, Europe, Africa, most of Asia), what does a port hand lateral mark look like?

A. Red and white vertically striped

B. Green conical with green light

C. Yellow with a single cross topmark

D. Red can or pillar with flat top, red light (any rhythm)

What does an Isolated Danger Mark look like and what does it mean?

A. Red and white vertical stripes, no topmark, indicates safe water ahead

B. Black and red horizontal bands, two black spheres topmark, Fl(2) white light — a danger with navigable water all around it

C. Yellow and black, single cone, marks a cable route

D. All-green with a cross topmark

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