Question 1

Why is a bold alteration to starboard specifically preferred here, rather than a small alteration or a reduction in speed alone?

Accepted Answer

A bold, early alteration of course is unambiguous to the other vessel's watchkeeper (unlike a small change that could be lost in normal steering variation), increases the passing distance decisively rather than marginally, and avoids leaving you needing a second, later alteration if the situation hasn't resolved — Rule 8(b) explicitly favours action large enough to be readily apparent This is exactly what 'substantial' and 'readily apparent' mean in Rule 8(b) — the action has to be big enough that a target on the other vessel's radar or visual watch cannot mistake it for a minor course change, removing any ambiguity about your intentions.

Question 2

Rule 5 (Look-out) requires every vessel at all times to maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing, as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions — and this duty applies even when the vessel is at anchor in a busy anchorage.

Accepted Answer

True True. Rule 5 applies 'at all times' and to 'every vessel'. A vessel at anchor in a busy anchorage still needs an effective look-out to detect drifting vessels, dragging anchors, or approaching traffic that may pose a risk of collision or contact.

Question 3

Under Rule 6 (Safe Speed), a vessel fitted with a fully operational radar and ARPA never needs to reduce speed in restricted visibility, because the equipment guarantees early detection of other vessels.

Accepted Answer

False False. Rule 6 explicitly lists radar capability as one factor to consider, but also requires accounting for the state of visibility, traffic density, manoeuvrability, and the limitations of radar (range scale, sea/rain clutter, blind sectors). Even a vessel with excellent radar must proceed at a speed that allows proper and effective action to avoid collision and to be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances.