Question 1

You observe a vessel showing an all-round red light over an all-round red light (two vertically disposed all-round red lights), and during the day a single black ball. What does this combination indicate, and what action should you take?

Accepted Answer

Two all-round red lights in a vertical line (and a ball by day) indicate a vessel not under command — this vessel is unable to manoeuvre as required by the Rules and cannot take avoiding action; under Rule 18, power-driven vessels must keep out of the way of a vessel not under command, so you should take early and substantial action to keep clear Rule 27(a) — two all-round red lights in a vertical line, plus (by day) a ball, signal "not under command", the highest practical priority category under Rule 18 because such a vessel cannot help herself.

Question 2

Rule 5 (Look-out) requires every vessel at all times to maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing, as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions — and this duty applies even when the vessel is at anchor in a busy anchorage.

Accepted Answer

True True. Rule 5 applies 'at all times' and to 'every vessel'. A vessel at anchor in a busy anchorage still needs an effective look-out to detect drifting vessels, dragging anchors, or approaching traffic that may pose a risk of collision or contact.

Question 3

Under Rule 6 (Safe Speed), a vessel fitted with a fully operational radar and ARPA never needs to reduce speed in restricted visibility, because the equipment guarantees early detection of other vessels.

Accepted Answer

False False. Rule 6 explicitly lists radar capability as one factor to consider, but also requires accounting for the state of visibility, traffic density, manoeuvrability, and the limitations of radar (range scale, sea/rain clutter, blind sectors). Even a vessel with excellent radar must proceed at a speed that allows proper and effective action to avoid collision and to be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances.