Question 1

Two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses, each seeing the other ahead, such that risk of collision exists. Under Rule 14, what is this called and what action is required?

Accepted Answer

This is a "head-on situation" — each vessel shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of the other Rule 14 defines the head-on situation and requires both vessels to alter course to starboard — a symmetric obligation, unlike the asymmetric give-way/stand-on roles in crossing (Rule 15) or overtaking (Rule 13) situations.

Question 2

Rule 5 (Look-out) requires every vessel at all times to maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing, as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions — and this duty applies even when the vessel is at anchor in a busy anchorage.

Accepted Answer

True True. Rule 5 applies 'at all times' and to 'every vessel'. A vessel at anchor in a busy anchorage still needs an effective look-out to detect drifting vessels, dragging anchors, or approaching traffic that may pose a risk of collision or contact.

Question 3

Under Rule 6 (Safe Speed), a vessel fitted with a fully operational radar and ARPA never needs to reduce speed in restricted visibility, because the equipment guarantees early detection of other vessels.

Accepted Answer

False False. Rule 6 explicitly lists radar capability as one factor to consider, but also requires accounting for the state of visibility, traffic density, manoeuvrability, and the limitations of radar (range scale, sea/rain clutter, blind sectors). Even a vessel with excellent radar must proceed at a speed that allows proper and effective action to avoid collision and to be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances.