Question 1

You are the OOW on a power-driven vessel and detect, by radar plotting, that a vessel is approaching from a direction that will result in a close-quarters situation, though it is not yet visible. Under Rule 7 (Risk of Collision), what must you assume?

Accepted Answer

Risk of collision shall be deemed to exist if there is any doubt, and if in doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist Rule 7(a) states that if there is any doubt as to whether risk of collision exists, it shall be deemed to exist. Rule 7(b) further requires proper use of radar equipment, including long-range scanning and systematic observation of detected objects, to obtain early warning of risk of collision — visual sighting is not a prerequisite for taking action.

Question 2

Rule 5 (Look-out) requires every vessel at all times to maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing, as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions — and this duty applies even when the vessel is at anchor in a busy anchorage.

Accepted Answer

True True. Rule 5 applies 'at all times' and to 'every vessel'. A vessel at anchor in a busy anchorage still needs an effective look-out to detect drifting vessels, dragging anchors, or approaching traffic that may pose a risk of collision or contact.

Question 3

Under Rule 6 (Safe Speed), a vessel fitted with a fully operational radar and ARPA never needs to reduce speed in restricted visibility, because the equipment guarantees early detection of other vessels.

Accepted Answer

False False. Rule 6 explicitly lists radar capability as one factor to consider, but also requires accounting for the state of visibility, traffic density, manoeuvrability, and the limitations of radar (range scale, sea/rain clutter, blind sectors). Even a vessel with excellent radar must proceed at a speed that allows proper and effective action to avoid collision and to be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances.