How does AFF training address the psychological and physical demands of fire fighting in BA, distinct from purely technical extinguishing knowledge?

A. The physical and psychological demands of fire fighting are not considered relevant to certification or training design

B. Only naturally calm individuals are suitable for fire team roles, with no value in training others to manage stress

C. It includes practical exposure to heat, low visibility, disorientation, and physical exertion in BA under realistic (controlled) training conditions, since the stress and physical demand of real fire fighting is significantly different from understanding the theory alone — this builds genuine operational confidence and helps individuals recognise their own limits and signs of excessive exertion or panic

D. AFF training is purely theoretical and includes no practical exposure to realistic fire conditions

A. AFF and basic fire fighting cover identical content, simply repeated at greater length

B. AFF is required for every single seafarer regardless of muster list role, with no distinction from basic training

C. Basic training covers initial detection, raising the alarm, and using a portable extinguisher on a small incipient fire, while AFF covers organising and leading a coordinated fire-fighting response — including breathing apparatus (BA) entry, ventilation control, boundary cooling, and command of a fire party — required for designated officers and fire team members

D. AFF only applies to passenger vessels and has no relevance to cargo ships

A. Air supply checks are only relevant after the team has already entered the affected space

B. BA entry teams should enter without informing the bridge or control point, to avoid causing alarm

C. No formal entry control or time logging is necessary as long as BA wearers feel confident about their own air supply

D. Each BA wearer's cylinder pressure/air supply duration, the team's entry time, an agreed maximum duration before mandatory withdrawal regardless of air remaining (to allow safety margin for the exit), and a clear communication and tally system so the bridge/control point always knows who is inside and for how long