Vessel Fire Safety in 2026: What the Latest Maritime Insurance Data Reveals

Why Vessel Fires Are the Maritime Industry’s Most Expensive Problem

The latest data from Cefor, the Nordic marine insurance association, makes for sobering reading. Of 13 maritime claims exceeding $10 million in 2025, seven were fires. That is more than half of the industry’s largest claims by number — and it follows a trend. Claim costs per vessel are up 33% in 2024-25 compared to 2021, with machinery claims running 30% higher over the 2022-2025 period.

These are not abstract statistics. They describe real incidents on real vessels with real crews involved. Understanding what is driving the trend — and what it means for your safety at sea — matters more in 2026 than it has in years.

What Is Behind the Fire Claim Spike?

Container Ship Cargo Fires

Misdeclared cargo remains a major driver. Lithium-ion batteries, chemicals declared as benign commodities, and compressed gases shipped without proper notification continue to cause severe fires that standard suppression systems are not designed to handle. The IIMS May 2026 bulletin specifically highlights lithium-ion battery fires as a “major concern” across the industry, noting a dedicated four-module training course has now been developed to address the risk.

The combination of energy density, thermal runaway characteristics, and the difficulty of suppression with conventional agents makes lithium batteries one of the most challenging fire risks currently facing seafarers on container, Ro-Ro, and car carrier vessels.

Engine Room and Machinery Space Fires

Machinery claims running 30% higher than previous years reflect both the age of the global fleet and increased operational complexity. High-pressure fuel line failures, turbocharger fires, and hydraulic system failures remain the most common ignition sources. The root causes are typically maintenance-related — missed inspections, incorrect lubricant grades, and deferred repairs. These are preventable events, which makes them particularly significant from a safety culture perspective.

Electric Vehicles on Ro-Ro Decks

Electric vehicles present a new and rapidly growing challenge for Ro-Ro and car carrier operators. An EV thermal runaway in a vehicle deck can escalate to a total loss situation before conventional suppression systems can contain it. Port Skills and Safety’s EV and Lithium-Ion Battery working group, which convened in May 2026, is actively developing guidance for port-side handling — but the risks extend equally to vessel decks.

Port State Control: Fire Safety Remains the Top Deficiency

2025 Port State Control data confirms that fire safety code 07105 — covering fire doors, fire openings, and structural fire protection — is the single most common deficiency found across all inspections: 4,547 inspections with this deficiency recorded, accounting for 6% of total deficiencies, and 331 detentions. Lifeboats rank second. The pattern is consistent year on year — fire safety compliance is what PSC inspectors find most frequently compromised.